An integrated approach to asses the PCDD/F emissions of the coal fired stoves combining emission measurements and ambient air levels modelling

摘要

Very high previous termemissions of PCDD/next termFs up to 1300 μg TEQ per ton of previous termcoalnext term were measured during combustion of commercial high chlorine content previous termcoalnext term in a previous termstove.next term A pronounced effect of the temperature profile in the chimney on previous termPCDD/F emissionsnext term was identified, suggesting formation in the chimney. previous termEmissions of PCDD/next termFs were one order of magnitude higher with an insulated chimney than with a non-insulated one. Insulation of the chimney did not influence the previous termemissionsnext term of regulated pollutants and PAHs. Under laboratory conditions, the thermal properties of the chimney usually differ from those in residential dwellings. For that reason it is concluded that previous termPCDD/F emission measurementsnext term performed under laboratory conditions may not be representative for derivation of previous termemissionnext term factors in previous termemissionnext term inventory compilations. Thus the previous termemissionnext term factor of 1300 μg TEQ per ton of previous termcoalnext term (40 000 μg TEQ/TJ) represents the maximum value for individual previous termstove emissions.next term Complementary previous termairnext term dispersion previous termmodellingnext term and congener profile based receptor previous termmodellingnext term performed in the Krakow area, Poland confirm a high contribution of the residential combustion to the previous termambient air PCDD/F levelsnext term in that area and indicate an previous termemissionnext term factor for previous termcoalnext term combustion in previous termstovesnext term in the order of 100 μg TEQ per ton (3000 μg TEQ/TJ).